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Attention, chocolate lovers: You may not be able to help yourselves. Swiss and British scientists have linked the widespread love of chocolate to a chemical "signature" that may be programmed into our metabolic systems.
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Calcium in Urine

Results and Values

What do the test results mean?

Normal levels of calcium in urine range from 100 to 300 milligrams per day for persons on a normal diet. For those on a low-calcium diet, from 50 to 150 milligrams per day is normal.

Abnormally high levels of calcium in the urine may indicate:

Cushing's syndrome, which is an excess of hormones known as corticosteroids

idiopathic hypercalcemia, which is an elevated calcium level in the blood with no known cause

milk-alkali syndrome, which is an increased blood calcium level caused by ingesting large amounts of calcium and antacids

osteolytic bone disease, which is any disease that destroys bone

osteoporosis, a thinning of the bones that commonly occurs in the elderly

primary hyperparathyroidism, which is excess activity of the parathyroid gland that causes increased blood calcium levels

renal tubular acidosis, a metabolic defect of the kidneys

sarcoidosis, a disease, thought to be caused by an abnormal immune system, that causes problems in multiple areas of the body but especially the lungs

vitamin D intoxication

Abnormally low levels of calcium may indicate:

hypoparathyroidism, or low activity of the parathyroid gland

malabsorption disorders

renal osteodystrophy or thinning of bones caused by kidney failure

vitamin D deficiency

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