A history and physical exam, including an examination of the eye, are done first. In an eye exam, the person may be asked to read an eye chart. Special instruments may be used, and the pressure inside the eye may be measured. Eye drops can be put into the eye to make the pupils get bigger. This helps the doctor see the inside of the eye better.
The doctor will also need to know the kind of vision changes the person has noticed as well as:
In addition, the doctor may ask about other symptoms, such as:
These steps may be all that's needed to make the diagnosis. In other cases, further testing is needed.
The tests that are ordered vary, depending on the suspected cause. A cranial CT scan may be done if a brain tumor or stroke is suspected. A blood test can help diagnose temporal arteritis or diabetes.