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Creatine Kinase-Isoenzymes - CPK Isoenzymes


Results and Values

What do the test results mean?

If a disease process is taking place, the total amount of CPK will be high, and the individual isoenzyme increases are used to determine what part of the body is responsible for the increase in total CPK. For example, when a heart attack occurs, the total CPK becomes high because of an increase in the CPK-MB and CPK-MM isoenzymes. The normal total CPK level is roughly 25 to 175 units per liter. Normal values for each of the isoenzymes are as follows:

  • CPK-BB: 0% of the total CPK
  • CPK-MB: 0% to 6% of the total CPK
  • CPK-MM: 96% to 100% of the total CPK
  • Abnormally high levels of CPK-BB may sometimes be seen in the following:

  • lung damage from a blood clot
  • shock
  • after cardiopulmonary resuscitation
  • Abnormally high levels of CPK-MB may indicate the following:

  • heart attack
  • any other trauma to the heart, such as from heart surgery
  • electrical injuries
  • Abnormally high levels of CPK-MM may indicate the following:

  • heart attack
  • muscle damage
  • intramuscular injections
  • muscular dystrophy
  • myositis, an inflammation in the muscles usually due to infection or immune system disease
  • convulsions
  • recent surgery
  • rhabdomyolysis, which is widespread muscle destruction, usually due to alcoholism or exercise
  • strenuous exercise

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