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Attention, chocolate lovers: You may not be able to help yourselves. Swiss and British scientists have linked the widespread love of chocolate to a chemical "signature" that may be programmed into our metabolic systems.
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Menstrual Cramps
- Overview, Causes, & Risk Factors
- Symptoms & Signs
- Diagnosis & Tests
- Prevention & Expectations
- Treatment & Monitoring
- Attribution
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Prevention & Expectations
What can be done to prevent the condition?
Menstrual cramping is not always preventable. Here are some helpful measures to reduce symptoms:
What are the long-term effects of the condition?
Mild menstrual cramps and primary dysmenorrhea have no known long-term effects. The cause of secondary dysmenorrhea determines its long-term effects. These may include:
What are the risks to others?
Menstrual cramps are not contagious and pose no risk to others. However, if the problem is due to an undiagnosed STD, the woman may spread this to her partner.