Metabolic acidosis may be suspected after a history and physical exam. The diagnosis is often confirmed with a blood test called arterial blood gases. This test will demonstrate an increased level of acid within the blood, and may help figure out the cause.
Further tests may also be needed to diagnose the underlying problem. For example, a blood glucose test can help diagnose diabetes. Blood tests known as the BUN and creatinine level can help diagnose kidney failure. Other tests are also possible.