Some cases of peripheral neuropathy can be prevented by avoiding or controlling the underlying problem. Individuals with diabetes can lower their risk by controlling their blood glucose levels. Following sports safety guidelines for children, adolescents, and adults can help prevent some injuries. Following a heart-healthy diet can lower a person's risk for atherosclerosis.
Without treatment, peripheral neuropathy will worsen over time. The individual may lose muscle function and sensation. There may even be muscle wasting, or atrophy. The person may have chronic pain that worsens at night. Skin injuries may not heal properly and may become infected. If tissue dies, the person may need amputation of a limb.
Peripheral neuropathy is not contagious and poses no risk to others.