Preeclampsia is high blood pressure that develops or increases during pregnancy. The condition usually occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy.
The placenta is the spongy material in the mother's uterus that nourishes the fetus. Some experts believe that a problem with the placenta causes preeclampsia. The mother has spasms of the blood vessels, which increase her blood pressure. The blood flow to the placenta is impaired. If the blood pressure is not controlled, it can damage the placenta and cause death of the fetus.
Preeclampsia develops in 5% of pregnant women. It usually occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy. It may be mild or severe. The high blood pressure can affect the brain, kidneys, liver, and lungs. If the woman develops seizures or coma, the condition is known as eclampsia.
Following are factors that increase a woman's risk of preeclampsia:
Additional factors that increase the risk of preeclampsia are as follows: