Short bowel syndrome is a condition caused by surgery that removes part of the small intestine, such as an ileostomy.
The small bowel carries food from the stomach to the large bowel, which attaches to the rectum and anus. It plays an important role in digestion. Vitamins, minerals, salts, and important fats are absorbed through the small bowel.
Removal of part of the small bowel decreases the area to absorb these nutrients. Many people can tolerate removal of up to 50% to 60% of the small bowel without having problems. However, when more than this amount or a key part of small bowel is removed, symptoms often occur. These symptoms make up what is called the short bowel syndrome.
The cause of this condition is removal of too much of the small bowel. Common reasons for surgery to remove part of the small bowel include: