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Medical Dictionary Terms Beginning with N
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Neoplasm
Neoplasm: Literally, a new growth. Neoplasm is another word for a tumor.more detail info...
Nephrectomy
Nephrectomy: Surgery to remove the kidney. Radical nephrectomy removed the kidney, the adrenal gland, nearby lymph nodes, and other surrounding tissue. Simple nephrectomy removes just the affected kidney. Partial nephrectomy removes the tumor, but notmore detail info...
Nephritis
Nephritis: Inflammation of the kidney.more detail info...
Nephro-
Nephro-: Having to do with the kidney. From the Greek nephros meaning kidney.more detail info...
Nephrolithiasis
Nephrolithiasis: Kidney stones, by another name. A common cause of blood in the urine and pain in the abdomen, flank, or groin. Occurs in 1 in 20 people at some time in their life. Development of the stones is related to decreased urine volume omore detail info...
Nephrologist
Nephrologist: A medical specialist in nephrology (the study of the kidney or &kidney-ology&).more detail info...
Nephrology
Nephrology: The art and science of the care of the kidney.more detail info...
Nephron
Nephron: A key unit, both anatomically and functionally, of the kidney.more detail info...
Nephropathy
Nephropathy: A medical word for kidney disease. Nephropathy can be applied to any disease of the kidney. The prefix "nephro-" denotes the kidney. From the Greek "nephros" meaning kidney. Greece also provided "- pathy" from "pathos" meaning disease.more detail info...
Nephropathy, diabetic
Nephropathy, diabetic: Kidney disease associated with long-standing diabetes. Called Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease (or syndrome), it affects the network of tiny blood vessels (the microvasculature) in the glomerulus, a key structure in the kidney thamore detail info...
Nephrosclerosis
Nephrosclerosis: Hardening (sclerosis) of the kidney usually due to disease of the blood vessels in it from atherosclerosis.more detail info...
Nephrosis
Nephrosis: Non-inflammatory, non-neoplastic disease of the kidney.more detail info...
Nephrotomogram
Nephrotomogram: A series of special x-rays of the kidneys. The x-rays are taken from different angles. They show the kidneys clearly, without the shadows of the organs around them.more detail info...
Nerve
Nerve: A nerve is a bundle of fibers that uses electrical and chemical signals to transmit sensory and motor information from one body part to another. (see nervous system).more detail info...
Nerve Growth Factor
Nerve Growth Factor: A substance that occurs naturally in the body and enhances the growth and survival of cholinergic nerves.more detail info...
Nerve palsy, laryngeal
Nerve palsy, laryngeal: Paralysis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the vagus nerve (a long and important nerve that originates in the brainstem and runs down to the colon). After the recurrent laryngeal nerve leaves the vagus nerve, it goesmore detail info...
Nerve, abducent
Nerve, abducent: A small motor nerve that has one task: to supply a muscle called the lateral rectus muscle that moves the eye outward. Paralysis of the abducent nerve causes inward turning of the eye (internal strabismus) leading to double vision. Themore detail info...
Nerve, accessory
Nerve, accessory: The accessory nerve is the eleventh cranial nerve. All twelve cranial nerves, the accesssory nerve included, emerge from or enter the skull (the cranium) as opposed to the spinal nerves which emerge from the vertebral column. The accessmore detail info...
Nerve, afferent
Nerve, afferent: A nerve that carries impulses toward the central nervous system. The word &afferent& hails from the Latin &ad&, toward + &ferre&, to bear = to carry toward.more detail info...
Nerve, efferent
Nerve, efferent: A nerve that carries impulses away from the central nervous system. The word &efferent& comes from the Latin &ex’, away or out + &ferre&, to bear = to bear out or carry away.more detail info...