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Medical Dictionary Terms Beginning with C

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Cancer, ovary

Cancer, ovary: Cancer of the egg sac of females. Most ovarian growths in women under age 30 are benign, fluid-filled cysts. There are several types of ovarian cancer. Symptoms of ovarian cancer can be vague. Detection of ovarian cancer involves physica
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Cancer, pancreas

Cancer, pancreas: Cancer of the organ which produces many juices that are important for digesting food as well as hormones, such as insulin and glucagon. Pancreatic cancer has been called a &silent& disease because early pancreatic cancer usu
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Cancer, pancreatic

Cancer, pancreatic: Cancer of the organ which produces many juices that are important for digesting food as well as hormones, such as insulin and glucagon. Pancreatic cancer has been called a &silent& disease because early pancreatic cancer u
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Cancer, prostate

Cancer, prostate: Cancer of the gland that produces some of the components of semen fluid. Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of death of males in the U.S. Prostate cancer is often first detected as a hard nodule during a routine rectal examin
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Cancer, prostatic

Cancer, prostatic: Cancer of the gland (prostate) that produces some of the components of semen fluid. The second leading cause of death of males in the U.S. Prostate cancer is often first detected as a hard nodule during a routine rectal examination.
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Cancer, rectal

Cancer, rectal: A malignant tumor arising from the inner wall of the end (rectum) of the large intestine. The third leading cause of cancer in males, fourth in females in the U.S. Risk factors for cancer of the colon and rectum (colorectal cancer) incl
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Cancer, skin

Cancer, skin: Cancer of the outer surface of the body. The most common cancer in the U.S. There are many types of skin cancer. Ultraviolet light from sunlight is the main cause of skin cancer. Unexplained changes in the appearance of the skin, lasting
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Cancer, stomach

Cancer, stomach: Cancer of the major organ that holds food for digestion. Stomach cancer (gastric cancer) can develop in any part of the stomach and spread to other organs. Stomach ulcers do not appear to increase a person’s risk of developing sto
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Cancer, testicles

Cancer, testicles: Cancer of the male sex organ (testicle) that normally produces the hormone testosterone. One of the most common cancers in young men. Most testicular cancers are found by men themselves as a lump in the testicle. The risk of cancer o
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Cancer, testicular

Cancer, testicular: Cancer of the male sex organ (testicle) that normally produces the hormone testosterone. One of the most common cancers in young men. Most testicular cancers are found by men themselves as a lump in the testicle. The risk of cancer
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Cancer, thyroid

Cancer, thyroid: Cancer of the gland in front of the neck that normally produces thyroid hormone which is important to the normal regulation of the metabolism of the body. There are four major types of cancer of the thyroid gland. Persons who received
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Cancer, uterine

Cancer, uterine: Cancer of the womb (uterus). Cancer of the uterus occurs most often in women between the ages of 55 and 70 years. Abnormal bleeding after menopause is the most common symptom of cancer of the uterus. Cancer of the uterus is diagnosed b
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Cancer, uterus

Cancer, uterus: Cancer of the womb. Also referred to as uterine cancer. Cancer of the uterus occurs most often in women between the ages of 55 and 70 years. Abnormal bleeding after menopause is the most common symptom of cancer of the uterus. Cancer of
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Canker sores

Canker sores: Also known as aphthous ulcers, these are small ulcer craters in the lining of the mouth that are frequently painful and sensitive. Canker sores are one of the most common problems that occur in the mouth. About 20% of the population (1 ou
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Capillaries

Capillaries: Capillaries are the smallest of blood vessels. They serve to distribute oxygenated blood from arteries to the tissues of the body and to feed deoxygenated blood from the tissues back into the veins. The capillaries are thus a central c
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Capitation

Capitation: In U.S. health services, capitation refers to a fixed &per capita& amount that is paid to a hospital, clinic or doctor for each person served.
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Carbohydrate

Carbohydrate: One of the three nutrients that are used as energy sources (calories) by the body. (The other energy sources are in the form of fats and proteins. Carbohydrates come in the form of simple sugars and complex forms, such as starches
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Carbuncles

Carbuncles: A skin abscess, a collection of pus that forms inside the body. Antibiotics are often not very helpful in treating abscesses. The main treatments include hot packs and draining (&lancing&) the abscess, but only when it is soft and
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Carcinogen

Carcinogen: A substance or agent that is known to cause cancer.
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Carcinoma

Carcinoma: Cancer that begins in the tissues lining or covering an organ.
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