Medical Dictionary Terms Beginning with M

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Magnesium excess

Magnesium excess: Persons with impaired kidney function should be especially careful about their magnesium intake because they can accumulate magnesium, a dangerous situation. According to the National Academy of Sciences, the Recommended Dietary Allow
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): A procedure using a magnet linked to a computer to create pictures of areas inside the body.
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Maimonides' prayer

Maimonides' Daily Prayer of a Physician: A prayer that is said to have been written by the 12th-century physician-philosopher Moses Maimonides. Like the famous oath of Hippocrates, the prayer of Maimonides is often recited by new medical graduates.
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Maintenance therapy

Maintenance therapy: Chemotherapy that is given to leukemia patients in remission to prevent a relapse.
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Major

Major: A major may be an officer in the military but, in a larger sense, it can be anything that is more than something else. For example, the teres major muscle is larger than the teres minor muscle. In anatomy, wherever there is a major, a minor canno
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Major histocompatabilty complex (MHC)

Major histocompatabilty complex (MHC): A cluster of genes on chromosome 6 concerned with antigen production and critical to transplantation. The MHC includes the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes.
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Malabsorption

Malabsorption: Poor intestinal absorption of nutrients.
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Malacia

Malacia: Means softening. Osteomalacia is thus softening of bone (due to deficiency of calcium and vitamin D).
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Malady

Malady: From the French maladie for illness.
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Malaise

Malaise: A vague feeling of discomfort, one that cannot be pinned down but is often sensed as &just not right.& Malaise comes straight from the French who compounded it from &mal& (bad or ill) + &aise& (ease) = ill at ease
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Malar

Malar: Referring to the cheek.
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Malaria

Malaria: Infectious disease involving many million of people, caused by the protozoan parasite Plasmodium transmitted by the sting of the Anopheles mosquito or by a contaminated needle or transfusion. The name comes from the Italian mal'aria for bad ai
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Malaria, falciparum

Malaria, falciparum: The most dangerous type of malaria. Persons carrying the sickle cell gene have some protection against malaria. Persons with a gene for hemoglobin C (another abnormal hemoglobin like sickle hemoglobin), thalassemia trait or deficie
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Male

Male: The traditional definition of male was &an individual of the sex that produces sperm& (or some such). However, things are not so simple today. Male can be defined by physical appearance, by chromosome constitution (see Male chromosome c
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Male chromosome complement

Male chromosome complement: The large majority of males have a 46, XY chromosome complement (46 chromosomes including an X and a Y chromosome). A minority of males have other chromosome constitutions such as 47,XXY (47 chromosomes including two X chrom
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Malignancy

Malignancy: A tumor that is malignant.
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Malignant

Malignant: Malignant means to resistant to treatment, or severe (As in &malignant hypertension&). When referring to an abnormal growth it implies a tendency to metastasize. The word malignant comes the Latin combination of mal meaning bad and
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Malignant giant cell tumor

Malignant giant cell tumor: A type of bone tumor.
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Malignant melanoma

Malignant melanoma: See melanoma
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Malleolus

Malleolus: Bony prominence on either side of the ankle.
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