Medical Dictionary Terms Beginning with X

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X (in genetics)

X (in genetics): Although the letter X can be used as a symbol in various ways (such as with X-rays, the X-axis of a graph, etc.), &the X & in genetics and medicine today usually refers to the X chromosome. The X is the sex chromosome
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X chromosome

X chromosome: The sex chromosome found twice in normal females and singly, along with a Y chromosome, in normal males. The complete chromosome complement (consisting of 46 chromosomes including the two sex chromosomes) is thus conventionally wri
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Xanthelasma

Xanthelasma: Tiny 1-2 mm yellowish plaques that are slightly raised on the skin surface of the upper or lower eyelids. Xanthelasma is caused by tiny deposits of fat in the skin and is often associated with abnormal blood fat levels (hyperlipidemi
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Xanthoma

Xanthoma: Yellowish firm nodules in the skin frequently indicating underlying disease, such as diabetes, disorder of fats (lipid disorder or hyperlipidemia), or other conditions. A xanthoma is a kind of harmless growth of tissue. Under the microsc
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Xanthopsia

Xanthopsia: Things look yellow. Xanthopsia is a form of chromatopsia, a visual defect in which objects looked at appear unnaturally colored, as if a photo were overpainted with un unnatural color. The unnatural color in xanthopsia is yellow, as in
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Xeroderma

Xeroderma: Abnormally dry skin.
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Xerophagia

Xerophagia: Eating a dry diet.
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Xeropthalmia

Xeropthalmia: Dry eyes. Also, called conjunctivitis arida. Xeropthalmia can be associated with systemic diseases (such as Sjogren’s syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, hypothyr
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Xerostomia

Xerostomia: Dry mouth. Xerostomia can be associated with systemic diseases (such as Sjogren’s syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, hypothyroidism, and others). Xerostomia result
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X-linked

X-linked: On the X chromosome. &Linked& in genetics does not mean merely associated. An X-linked gene travels with the X chromosome and therefore is part of the X chromosome.
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X-ray

X-ray: High-energy radiation. It is used in low doses to diagnose diseases and in high doses to treat cancer.
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X-ray, AP

X-ray, AP: An X-ray picture in which the beams pass from front-to-back (anteroposterior). An AP film is as opposed to a PA (posteroanterior) film in which the rays pass through the body from back-to-front.
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X-ray, lateral

X-ray, lateral: An X-ray picture taken from the side.
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X-ray, PA

X-ray, PA: An X-ray picture in which the beams pass from back-to-front (posteroanterior). By contrast an AP (anteroposterior) film is one in which the rays pass through the body from front-to-back.
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Xylitol

Xylitol: A sweetener found in plants and used as a substitute for sugar. Xylitol is called a nutritive sweetener because it provides calories, just like sugar.
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