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Glyburide (micronized) and Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets
1.25 mg/250 mg, 2.5 mg/500 mg, 5 mg/500 mg

Rx only

DESCRIPTION

Glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets contain two oral antihyperglycemic drugs used in the management of type 2 diabetes, glyburide and metformin hydrochloride.

Glyburide is an oral antihyperglycemic drug of the sulfonylurea class. The chemical name for glyburide is 1-[[ρ-[2-(5-chloro-ο-anisamido)ethyl]phenyl]sulfonyl]-3-cyclo-hexylurea. Glyburide is a white to off-white crystalline compound with a molecular formula of C23H28ClN3O5S and a molecular weight of 494.01. The structural formula is represented below.

Metformin hydrochloride is an oral antihyperglycemic drug used in the management of type 2 diabetes. Metformin hydrochloride (N,N-dimethylimidodicarbonimidic diamide monohydrochloride) is not chemically or pharmacologically related to sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, or α-glucosidase inhibitors. It is a white to off-white crystalline compound with a molecular formula of C4H12ClN5 (monohydrochloride) and a molecular weight of 165.63. Metformin hydrochloride is freely soluble in water and is practically insoluble in acetone, ether, and chloroform. The pKa of metformin is 12.4. The pH of a 1% aqueous solution of metformin hydrochloride is 6.68. The structural formula is as shown:

Glyburide and metformin hydrochloride in combination is available for oral administration in tablets containing 1.25 mg glyburide with 250 mg metformin hydrochloride, 2.5 mg glyburide with 500 mg metformin hydrochloride, and 5 mg glyburide with 500 mg metformin hydrochloride. In addition, each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone, propylene glycol and titanium dioxide.

Colors: 1.25 mg/250 mg and 5 mg/500 mg tablets contain D&C Yellow # 10 Aluminum Lake and FD&C Yellow # 6 Aluminum Lake; 2.5 mg/500 mg tablets contain FD&C Yellow # 6 Aluminum Lake as a color additive.

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

Mechanism of Action

Glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets contain two antihyperglycemic agents with complementary mechanisms of action, to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Glyburide appears to lower blood glucose acutely by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas, an effect dependent upon functioning beta cells in the pancreatic islets. The mechanism by which glyburide lowers blood glucose during long-term administration has not been clearly established. With chronic administration in patients with type 2 diabetes, the blood glucose lowering effect persists despite a gradual decline in the insulin secretory response to the drug. Extrapancreatic effects may be involved in the mechanism of action of oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drugs.

Metformin hydrochloride is an antihyperglycemic agent that improves glucose tolerance in patients with type 2 diabetes, lowering both basal and postprandial plasma glucose. Metformin hydrochloride decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption and Bioavailability

Distribution

Special Populations

Clinical Studies

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets are indicated as initial therapy, as an adjunct to diet and exercise, to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes whose hyperglycemia cannot be satisfactorily managed with diet and exercise alone.

Glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets are indicated as second-line therapy when diet, exercise, and initial treatment with a sulfonylurea or metformin do not result in adequate glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. For patients requiring additional therapy, a thiazolidinedione may be added to glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets to achieve additional glycemic control.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

Glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets are contraindicated in patients with:

  • Renal disease or renal dysfunction (e.g., as suggested by serum creatinine levels ≥ 1.5 mg/dL [males], ≥ 1.4 mg/dL [females], or abnormal creatinine clearance) which may also result from conditions such as cardiovascular collapse (shock), acute myocardial infarction, and septicemia (see WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS).
  • Congestive heart failure requiring pharmacologic treatment.
  • Known hypersensitivity to metformin hydrochloride or glyburide.
  • Acute or chronic metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis, with or without coma. Diabetic ketoacidosis should be treated with insulin.

Glyburide and metformin hydrochloride should be temporarily discontinued in patients undergoing radiologic studies involving intravascular administration of iodinated contrast materials, because use of such products may result in acute alteration of renal function. (See also PRECAUTIONS.)

WARNINGS

Metformin Hydrochloride

SPECIAL WARNING ON INCREASED RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY

The administration of oral hypoglycemic drugs has been reported to be associated with increased cardiovascular mortality as compared to treatment with diet alone or diet plus insulin. This warning is based on the study conducted by the University Group Diabetes Program (UGDP), a long-term prospective clinical trial designed to evaluate the effectiveness of glucose-lowering drugs in preventing or delaying vascular complications in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. The study involved 823 patients who were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups (Diabetes 19 (Suppl. 2):747-830, 1970).

UGDP reported that patients treated for 5 to 8 years with diet plus a fixed dose of tolbutamide (1.5 g per day) had a rate of cardiovascular mortality approximately 2½ times that of patients treated with diet alone. A significant increase in total mortality was not observed, but the use of tolbutamide was discontinued based on the increase in cardiovascular mortality, thus limiting the opportunity for the study to show an increase in overall mortality. Despite controversy regarding the interpretation of these results, the findings of the UGDP study provide an adequate basis for this warning. The patient should be informed of the potential risks and benefits of glyburide and of alternative modes of therapy.

Although only one drug in the sulfonylurea class (tolbutamide) was included in this study, it is prudent from a safety standpoint to consider that this warning may also apply to other hypoglycemic drugs in this class, in view of their close similarities in mode of action and chemical structure.

PRECAUTIONS

The glyburide component of glyburide and metformin HCl tablets is not bioequivalent to Micronase®. In addition, it has been reported that bioavailability studies have demonstrated that micronized glyburide tablets 3 mg provide serum glyburide concentration that are not bioequivalent to those from nonmicronized glyburide tablets 5 mg. Therefore, patients should be retitrated when transferred from micronized glyburide tablets or other oral hypoglycemic agents.

General

Glyburide and Metformin Hydrochloride

Metformin Hydrochloride

Information for Patients

Glyburide and Metformin Hydrochloride

Patients should be informed of the potential risks and benefits of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride and of alternative modes of therapy. They should also be informed about the importance of adherence to dietary instructions, of a regular exercise program, and of regular testing of blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, renal function, and hematologic parameters.

The risks of lactic acidosis associated with metformin therapy, its symptoms, and conditions that predispose to its development, as noted in the WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS sections, should be explained to patients. Patients should be advised to discontinue glyburide and metformin hydrochloride immediately and to promptly notify their health practitioner if unexplained hyperventilation, myalgia, malaise, unusual somnolence, or other nonspecific symptoms occur. Once a patient is stabilized on any dose level of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride, gastrointestinal symptoms, which are common during initiation of metformin therapy, are unlikely to be drug related. Later occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms could be due to lactic acidosis or other serious disease.

The risks of hypoglycemia, its symptoms and treatment, and conditions that predispose to its development should be explained to patients and responsible family members.

Patients should be counseled against excessive alcohol intake, either acute or chronic, while receiving glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets. (See Patient Information Printed Below.)

Laboratory Tests

Periodic fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measurements should be performed to monitor therapeutic response.

Initial and periodic monitoring of hematologic parameters (e.g., hemoglobin/hematocrit and red blood cell indices) and renal function (serum creatinine) should be performed, at least on an annual basis. While megaloblastic anemia has rarely been seen with metformin therapy, if this is suspected, Vitamin B12 deficiency should be excluded.

Drug Interactions

Glyburide and Metformin Hydrochloride

Certain drugs tend to produce hyperglycemia and may lead to loss of blood glucose control. These drugs include the thiazides and other diuretics, corticosteroids, phenothiazines, thyroid products, estrogens, oral contraceptives, phenytoin, nicotinic acid, sympathomimetics, calcium channel blocking drugs, and isoniazid. When such drugs are administered to a patient receiving glyburide and metformin hydrochloride, the patient should be closely observed for loss of blood glucose control. When such drugs are withdrawn from a patient receiving glyburide and metformin hydrochloride, the patient should be observed closely for hypoglycemia. Metformin is negligibly bound to plasma proteins and is, therefore, less likely to interact with highly protein-bound drugs such as salicylates, sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, and probenecid as compared to sulfonylureas, which are extensively bound to serum proteins.

Glyburide

The hypoglycemic action of sulfonylureas may be potentiated by certain drugs including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and other drugs that are highly protein bound, salicylates, sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, probenecid, coumarins, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and beta adrenergic blocking agents. When such drugs are administered to a patient receiving glyburide and metformin hydrochloride, the patient should be observed closely for hypoglycemia. When such drugs are withdrawn from a patient receiving glyburide and metformin hydrochloride, the patient should be observed closely for loss of blood glucose control.

A possible interaction between glyburide and ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, has been reported, resulting in a potentiation of the hypoglycemic action of glyburide. The mechanism for this interaction is not known.

A potential interaction between oral miconazole and oral hypoglycemic agents leading to severe hypoglycemia has been reported. Whether this interaction also occurs with the intravenous, topical, or vaginal preparations of miconazole is not known.

Metformin Hydrochloride

Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility

No animal studies have been conducted with the combined products in glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets. The following data are based on findings in studies performed with the individual products.

Glyburide

Studies in rats with glyburide alone at doses up to 300 mg/kg/day (approximately 145 times the maximum recommended human daily dose of 20 mg for the glyburide component of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride based on body surface area comparisons) for 18 months revealed no carcinogenic effects. In a two-year oncogenicity study of glyburide in mice, there was no evidence of treatment-related tumors.

There was no evidence of mutagenic potential of glyburide alone in the following in vitro tests: Salmonella microsome test (Ames test) and in the DNA damage/alkaline elution assay.

Metformin Hydrochloride

Long-term carcinogenicity studies were performed with metformin alone in rats (dosing duration of 104 weeks) and mice (dosing duration of 91 weeks) at doses up to and including 900 mg/kg/day and 1500 mg/kg/day, respectively. These doses are both approximately four times the maximum recommended human daily dose of 2000 mg of the metformin component of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride based on body surface area comparisons. No evidence of carcinogenicity with metformin alone was found in either male or female mice. Similarly, there was no tumorigenic potential observed with metformin alone in male rats. There was, however, an increased incidence of benign stromal uterine polyps in female rats treated with 900 mg/kg/day of metformin alone.

There was no evidence of a mutagenic potential of metformin alone in the following in vitro tests: Ames test (S. typhimurium), gene mutation test (mouse lymphoma cells), or chromosomal aberrations test (human lymphocytes). Results in the in vivo mouse micronucleus test were also negative.

Fertility of male or female rats was unaffected by metformin alone when administered at doses as high as 600 mg/kg/day, which is approximately three times the maximum recommended human daily dose of the metformin component of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride based on body surface area comparisons.

Pregnancy

Teratogenic Effects: Pregnancy Category B

Recent information strongly suggests that abnormal blood glucose levels during pregnancy are associated with a higher incidence of congenital abnormalities. Most experts recommend that insulin be used during pregnancy to maintain blood glucose as close to normal as possible. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, glyburide and metformin hydrochloride should not be used during pregnancy unless clearly needed. (See below.)

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women with glyburide and metformin hydrochloride or their individual components. No animal studies have been conducted with the combined products in glyburide and metformin hydrochloride. The following data are based on findings in studies performed with the individual products.

Glyburide

Reproduction studies were performed in rats and rabbits at doses up to 500 times the maximum recommended human daily dose of 20 mg of the glyburide component of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride based on body surface area comparisons and revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to glyburide.

Metformin hydrochloride

Metformin alone was not teratogenic in rats or rabbits at doses up to 600 mg/kg/day. This represents an exposure of about two and six times the maximum recommended human daily dose of 2000 mg of the metformin component of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride based on body surface area comparisons for rats and rabbits, respectively. Determination of fetal concentrations demonstrated a partial placental barrier to metformin.

Nonteratogenic Effects

Prolonged severe hypoglycemia (4 to 10 days) has been reported in neonates born to mothers who were receiving a sulfonylurea drug at the time of delivery. This has been reported more frequently with the use of agents with prolonged half-lives. It is not recommended that glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets be used during pregnancy. However, if they are used, glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets should be discontinued at least two weeks before the expected delivery date. (See Pregnancy: Teratogenic Effects: Pregnancy Category B.)

Nursing Mothers

Although it is not known whether glyburide is excreted in human milk, some sulfonylurea drugs are known to be excreted in human milk. Studies in lactating rats show that metformin is excreted into milk and reaches levels comparable to those in plasma. Similar studies have not been conducted in nursing mothers. Because the potential for hypoglycemia in nursing infants may exist, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother. If glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets are discontinued, and if diet alone is inadequate for controlling blood glucose, insulin therapy should be considered.

Pediatric Use

The safety and efficacy of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets were evaluated in an active-controlled, double blind, 26-week randomized trial involving a total of 167 pediatric patients (ranging from 9 to 16 years of age) with type 2 diabetes. Glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets were not shown statistically to be superior to either metformin or glyburide with respect to reducing HbA1c from baseline (see Table 5). No unexpected safety findings were associated with glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets in this trial.

Table 5:HbA1c (Percent) Change From Baseline at 26 Weeks:
Pediatric Study
Glyburide
2.5 mg
tablets
Metformin
500 mg
tablets
Glyburide and
Metformin
Hydrochloride
1.25 mg/ 250 mg
tablets
Mean Final Dose6.5 mg1500 mg3.1 mg/623 mg
Hemoglobin A1cN=49N=54N=57
Baseline Mean (%)7.707.997.85
Mean Change from Baseline-0.96-0.48-0.80
Difference from Metformin
Difference from Glyburide
-0.32
+0.16

Geriatric Use

Of the 642 patients who received glyburide and metformin hydrochloride in double-blind clinical studies, 23.8% were 65 and older while 2.8% were 75 and older. Of the 1302 patients who received glyburide and metformin hydrochloride in open-label clinical studies, 20.7% were 65 and older while 2.5% were 75 and older. No overall differences in effectiveness or safety were observed between these patients and younger patients, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in response between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.

Metformin hydrochloride is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney and because the risk of serious adverse reactions to the drug is greater in patients with impaired renal function, glyburide and metformin hydrochloride should only be used in patients with normal renal function (see CONTRAINDICATIONS,WARNINGS and CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Pharmacokinetics). Because aging is associated with reduced renal function, glyburide and metformin hydrochloride should be used with caution as age increases. Care should be taken in dose selection and should be based on careful and regular monitoring of renal function. Generally, elderly patients should not be titrated to the maximum dose of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets (see also WARNINGS and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).

ADVERSE REACTIONS

Glyburide and Metformin Hydrochloride

In double-blind clinical trials involving glyburide and metformin hydrochloride as initial therapy or as second-line therapy, a total of 642 patients received glyburide and metformin hydrochloride, 312 received metformin therapy, 324 received glyburide therapy, and 161 received placebo. The percent of patients reporting events and types of adverse events reported in clinical trials of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride (all strengths) as initial therapy and second-line therapy are uled in Table 6.

Table 6:Most Common Clinical Adverse Events (>5 Percent) in
Double-Blind Clinical Studies of Glyburide and Metformin
Hydrochloride Used as Initial or Second-Line Therapy
Adverse EventNumber (%) of Patients
Placebo
N = 161
Glyburide
N = 324
Metformin
N = 312
Glyburide and metformin
hydrochloride
N = 642
Upper respiratory infection22 (13.7)57 (17.6)51 (16.3)111 (17.3)
Diarrhea9 (5.6)20 (6.2)64 (20.5)109 (17.0)
Headache17 (10.6)37 (11.4)29 (9.3)57 (8.9)
Nausea/vomiting10 (6.2)17 (5.2)38 (12.2)49 (7.6)
Abdominal pain6 (3.7)10 (3.1)25 (8.0)44 (6.9)
Dizziness7 (4.3)18 (5.6)12 (3.8)35 (5.5)

In a controlled clinical trial of rosiglitazone versus placebo in patients treated with glyburide and metformin hydrochloride (n=365), 181 patients received glyburide and metformin hydrochloride with rosiglitazone and 184 received glyburide and metformin hydrochloride with placebo.

Edema was reported in 7.7% (14/181) of patients treated with rosiglitazone compared to 2.2% (4/184) of patients treated with placebo. A mean weight gain of 3 kg was observed in rosiglitazone-treated patients.

Disulfiram-like reactions have very rarely been reported in patients treated with glyburide tablets.

Hypoglycemia

In controlled clinical trials of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride there were no hypoglycemic episodes requiring medical intervention and/or pharmacologic therapy; all events were managed by the patients. The incidence of reported symptoms of hypoglycemia (such as dizziness, shakiness, sweating, and hunger), in the initial therapy trial of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride is summarized in Table 7. The frequency of hypoglycemic symptoms in patients treated with glyburide and metformin hydrochloride 1.25 mg/250 mg was highest in patients with a baseline HbA1c<7%, lower in those with a baseline HbA1c of between 7 and 8%, and was comparable to placebo and metformin in those with a baseline HbA1c>8%. For patients with a baseline HbA1c between 8% and 11% treated with glyburide and metformin hydrochloride 2.5 mg/500 mg as initial therapy, the frequency of hypoglycemic symptoms was 30-35%. As second-line therapy in patients inadequately controlled on sulfonylurea alone, approximately 6.8% of all patients treated with glyburide and metformin hydrochloride experienced hypoglycemic symptoms. When rosiglitazone was added to glyburide and metformin hydrochloride therapy, 22% of patients reported one or more fingerstick glucose measurements ≤ 50 mg/dL compared to 3.3% of placebo-treated patients. All hypoglycemic events were managed by the patients and only one patient discontinued for hypoglycemia. (See PRECAUTIONS: General; Addition of Thiazolidinediones to Glyburide and Metformin Hydrochloride Therapy.)

Gastrointestinal Reactions

The incidences of GI side effects (diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, and abdominal pain) in the initial therapy trial are summarized in Table 7. Across all glyburide and metformin hydrochloride trials, GI symptoms were the most common adverse events with glyburide and metformin hydrochloride and were more frequent at higher dose levels. In controlled trials, <2% of patients discontinued glyburide and metformin hydrochloride therapy due to GI adverse events.

Table 7:Treatment Emergent Symptoms of Hypoglycemia or Gastrointestinal Adverse
Events in a Placebo- and Active-Controlled Trial of Glyburide and Metformin
Hydrochloride as Initial Therapy
VariablePlacebo
N = 161
Glyburide
Tablets
N = 160
Metformin
Tablets
N = 159
Glyburide and
Metformin
Hydrochloride
1.25 mg/250 mg
Tablets N = 158
Glyburide and
Metformin
Hydrochloride
2.5 mg/500 mg
Tablets N = 162
Mean Final Dose0 mg5.3 mg1317 mg2.78 mg/557 mg4.1 mg/824 mg
Number (%) of
patients with
symptoms of
hypoglycemia
5 (3.1)34 (21.3)5 (3.1) 18 (11.4)61 (37.7)
Number (%) of
patients with
gastrointestinal
adverse events
39 (24.2)38 (23.8)69 (43.3)50 (31.6)62 (38.3)

OVERDOSAGE

Glyburide

Overdosage of sulfonylureas, including glyburide tablets, can produce hypoglycemia. Mild hypoglycemic symptoms, without loss of consciousness or neurological findings, should be treated aggressively with oral glucose and adjustments in drug dosage and/or meal patterns. Close monitoring should continue until the physician is assured that the patient is out of danger. Severe hypoglycemic reactions with coma, seizure, or other neurological impairment occur infrequently, but constitute medical emergencies requiring immediate hospitalization. If hypoglycemic coma is diagnosed or suspected, the patient should be given a rapid intravenous injection of concentrated (50%) glucose solution. This should be followed by a continuous infusion of a more dilute (10%) glucose solution at a rate that will maintain the blood glucose at a level above 100 mg/dL. Patients should be closely monitored for a minimum of 24 to 48 hours, since hypoglycemia may recur after apparent clinical recovery.

Metformin Hydrochloride

Overdose of metformin hydrochloride has occurred, including ingestion of amounts greater than 50 grams. Hypoglycemia was reported in approximately 10% of cases, but no causal association with metformin hydrochloride has been established. Lactic acidosis has been reported in approximately 32% of metformin overdose cases (see WARNINGS). Metformin is dialyzable with a clearance of up to 170 mL/min under good hemodynamic conditions. Therefore, hemodialysis may be useful for removal of accumulated drug from patients in whom metformin overdosage is suspected.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Patients should be retitrated when transferred from micronized glyburide tablets or other oral hypoglycemic agents (see PRECAUTIONS).

General Considerations

Dosage of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets must be individualized on the basis of both effectiveness and tolerance while not exceeding the maximum recommended daily dose of 20 mg glyburide/2000 mg metformin. Glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets should be given with meals and should be initiated at a low dose, with gradual dose escalation as described below, in order to avoid hypoglycemia (largely due to glyburide), to reduce GI side effects (largely due to metformin), and to permit determination of the minimum effective dose for adequate control of blood glucose for the individual patient.

With initial treatment and during dose titration, appropriate blood glucose monitoring should be used to determine the therapeutic response to glyburide and metformin hydrochloride and to identify the minimum effective dose for the patient. Thereafter, HbA1c should be measured at intervals of approximately 3 months to assess the effectiveness of therapy. The therapeutic goal in all patients with type 2 diabetes is to decrease FPG, PPG, and HbA1c to normal or as near normal as possible. Ideally, the response to therapy should be evaluated using HbA1c (glycosylated hemoglobin), which is a better indicator of long-term glycemic control than FPG alone.

No studies have been performed specifically examining the safety and efficacy of switching to glyburide and metformin hydrochloride therapy in patients taking concomitant glyburide (or other sulfonylurea) plus metformin. Changes in glycemic control may occur in such patients, with either hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia possible. Any change in therapy of type 2 diabetes should be undertaken with care and appropriate monitoring.

Glyburide and Metformin Hydrochloride as Initial Therapy

Recommended starting dose: 1.25 mg/250 mg once or twice daily with meals.
For patients with type 2 diabetes whose hyperglycemia cannot be satisfactorily managed with diet and exercise alone, the recommended starting dose of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride is 1.25 mg/250 mg once a day with a meal. As initial therapy in patients with baseline HbA1c>9% or an FPG >200 mg/dL, a starting dose of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride 1.25 mg/250 mg twice daily with the morning and evening meals may be used. Dosage increases should be made in increments of 1.25 mg/250 mg per day every two weeks up to the minimum effective dose necessary to achieve adequate control of blood glucose. In clinical trials of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride as initial therapy, there was no experience with total daily doses greater than 10 mg/2000 mg per day.Glyburide and metformin hydrochloride 5 mg/500 mg should not be used as initial therapy due to an increased risk of hypoglycemia.

Glyburide and Metformin Hydrochloride Use in Previously Treated Patients (Second-Line Therapy)

Recommended starting dose: 2.5 mg/500 mg or 5 mg/500 mg twice daily with meals.
For patients not adequately controlled on either glyburide (or another sulfonylurea) or metformin alone, the recommended starting dose of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride is 2.5 mg/500 mg or 5 mg/500 mg twice daily with the morning and evening meals. In order to avoid hypoglycemia, the starting dose of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride should not exceed the daily doses of glyburide or metformin already being taken. The daily dose should be titrated in increments of no more than 5 mg/500 mg up to the minimum effective dose to achieve adequate control of blood glucose or to a maximum dose of 20 mg/2000 mg per day.

For patients previously treated with combination therapy of glyburide (or another sulfonylurea) plus metformin, if switched to glyburide and metformin hydrochloride, the starting dose should not exceed the daily dose of glyburide (or equivalent dose of another sulfonylurea) and metformin already being taken. Patients should be monitored closely for signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia following such a switch and the dose of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride should be titrated as described above to achieve adequate control of blood glucose.

Addition of Thiazolidinediones to Glyburide and Metformin Hydrochloride Therapy

For patients not adequately controlled on glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets, a thiazolidinedione can be added to glyburide and metformin hydrochloride therapy. When a thiazolidinedione is added to glyburide and metformin hydrochloride therapy, the current dose of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets can be continued and the thiazolidinedione initiated at its recommended starting dose. For patients needing additional glycemic control, the dose of the thiazolidinedione can be increased based on its recommended titration schedule. The increased glycemic control attainable with glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets plus a thiazolidinedione may increase the potential for hypoglycemia at any time of day. In patients who develop hypoglycemia when receiving glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets and a thiazolidinedione, consideration should be given to reducing the dose of the glyburide component of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets. As clinically warranted, adjustment of the dosages of the other components of the antidiabetic regimen should also be considered.

Specific Patient Populations

Glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets are not recommended for use during pregnancy. The initial and maintenance dosing of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride should be conservative in patients with advanced age, due to the potential for decreased renal function in this population. Any dosage adjustment requires a careful assessment of renal function. Generally, elderly, debilitated, and malnourished patients should not be titrated to the maximum dose of glyburide and metformin hydrochloride to avoid the risk of hypoglycemia. Monitoring of renal function is necessary to aid in prevention of metformin-associated lactic acidosis, particularly in the elderly. (See WARNINGS.)

HOW SUPPLIED

Glyburide (micronized) and metformin hydrochloride tablets 1.25 mg/250 mg are supplied as pale yellow, round, film coated tablets, debossed “cor” over “140” on one side and the other side is plain.

They are supplied as follows:

Bottles of 100            (NDC 0781-5170-01)
Bottles of 500            (NDC 0781-5170-05)
Bottles of 1000          (NDC 0781-5170-10)

Glyburide (micronized) and metformin hydrochloride tablets 2.5 mg/500 mg are supplied as orange, round, film coated tablets, debossed “cor” over “141” on one side and the other side is plain.

They are supplied as follows:

Bottles of 100            (NDC 0781-5171-01)
Bottles of 500            (NDC 0781-5171-05)
Bottles of 1000          (NDC 0781-5171-10)

Glyburide (micronized) and metformin hydrochloride tablets 5 mg/500 mg are supplied as yellow, round, film coated tablets, debossed “cor” over “142” on one side and the other side is plain.

They are supplied as follows:

Bottles of 100            (NDC 0781-5172-01)
Bottles of 500            (NDC 0781-5172-05)
Bottles of 1000          (NDC 0781-5172-10)

Store at 20°-25°C (68°-77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature].

Dispense in light-resistant containers as defined in the USP.

KEEP THIS AND ALL DRUGS OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN.

Micronase® is a registered trademark of Pharmacia & Upjohn Company.

Rev. 02-2006
MF # 379-03

Manufactured by:
Corepharma LLC
Middlesex, NJ 08846
Distributed by
Sandoz Inc.
Princeton, NJ 08540

PATIENT INFORMATION ABOUT
Glyburide (micronized) and Metformin HCl Tablets
Rx only

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