Gastric Outlet Obstruction - Pyloric Stenosis

What are the treatments for the condition?

The treatment of choice for pyloric stenosis is a surgical procedure known as a pyloroplasty. Prior to surgery the first concern is to rehydrate the infant with intravenous fluids. A nasogastric tube may also be inserted through the nose and down into the baby's stomach to remove gastric juices prior to and during surgery. After general anesthesia is given, the surgeon makes an incision down to the mucosa lining of the pylorus and across it. This opens up the narrowed pylorus.

What are the side effects of the treatments?

There may be side effects from any surgery including risk of bleeding, infection, and even death. Any surgery in the abdomen can cause adhesions, which are pieces of tissue that develop during healing. Infrequently, adhesions can cause blockages in the intestines if they are in a place that allows them to compress part of the intestine. This can occur many years after the surgery. Anesthesia may cause stomach upset or allergic reactions.

What happens after treatment for the condition?

Usually an infant can start small feedings of clear liquids once the intestines start moving well again. This may be as soon as 4 to 6 hours after surgery. The baby will progress to formula or breast milk during the course of the next few days. A baby may need to stay in the hospital for a few days to continue IV fluids and to slowly progress to oral feedings. The chances of full recovery after surgery are excellent. Sometimes continued vomiting may occur after surgery, if symptoms progressed to severe dehydration and malnutrition before surgery. In this case, intavenous fluids may be continued until vomiting subsides.

How is the condition monitored?

Once the condition has been treated and an infant has recovered from surgery, there may be no need for monitoring. If vomiting continues or symptoms redevelop, it is important to contact the healthcare provider.