Diagnosis of mesothelioma begins with a medical history and physical exam. The healthcare provider may order a chest X-ray and a chest CT scan or chest MRI.
The diagnosis is confirmed with a biopsy. A tissue sample can be obtained through a needle, called a needle biopsy. Also, an incision can be made in the chest, which is called a thoractomy, and the tumor can be removed. The area in question can also be viewed with a scope, known as a thoracoscope or peritoneoscope.
Staging of mesothelioma that affects the pleura can be important in deciding on treatment.
Tumors that affect the peritoneum often occur in more than one place. These tumors are not staged in this way. The cancer is usually confined to the abdomen. An abdominal CT scan or abdominal MRI may be done. There is no specific laboratory test for mesothelioma.