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Scalp Conditions - Scalp Problems

Overview, Causes, & Risk Factors

Scalp problems are conditions or symptoms that affect the skin of the top of the head.

What is going on in the body?

Scalp conditions can be minor problems, such as a minor infection that may be easily treated and "cured." Or a scalp problem may be much more serious, such as a life-threatening cancer.

What are the causes and risks of the condition?

Problems on the scalp may be caused by a number of conditions, including:

acne or pimples

eczema, an itchy swelling and redness of the skin

allergic reactions, such as to shampoos, hair sprays, or food

hormone changes, such as diabetes, or a low thyroid hormone level known as hypothyroidism

excessive irritation, such as shampooing too often

trichotillomania, a condition in which a person pulls out his or her hair due to psychological problems

anorexia nervosa, an eating disorder that causes people to not eat enough to maintain a normal weight

dandruff

cradle cap in infants

psoriasis, a skin condition that causes red scaly sores

moles, which are usually harmless, but in rare cases, can turn into melanoma, a serious skin cancer

cancer of the skin

ringworm, an infection of the skin caused by a fungus

head lice

physical or emotional stress

pregnancy

autoimmune disorders, in which a person's immune system attacks his or her own body. For example, the autoimmune disorder called systemic lupus erythematosus can cause hair loss.

medications, including vitamin A, oral contraceptives, or chemotherapy

trauma or injury, such as insect bites, cuts, or burns

bacterial infections

hair loss

HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, which can cause infections and rashes

Many other conditions can also affect the scalp.

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