A vaginal hysterectomy may be done to remove uterine fibroids. A fibroid is a noncancerous growth in the wall of the uterus. A vaginal hysterectomy involves the removal of the uterus and cervix through a small incision in the vagina. The ovaries and fallopian tubes may also be removed during the procedure.
Uterine fibroids do not usually produce symptoms. But sometimes, these problems may occur:
A vaginal hysterectomy for fibroids is best for women who do not want to bear children and have many symptoms. If the bladder or rectum is protruding through a tear in a muscle or tissue, it can be fixed during the surgery. The ovaries and tubes may also be removed if there is no scarring or enlargement that would prevent their removal through the vagina.
Before surgery, several things are usually done.
In the operating room, the woman is given either local or general anesthesia. The skin around the vagina is cleaned with a soapy solution to remove any bacteria. A cut is then made in the upper part of the vagina to expose the tissue, such as blood vessels, that surrounds the uterus and cervix. These tissues must be cut and tied off before the uterus can be removed. Sutures are placed in these deep structures. These will heal during the weeks following surgery and do not need to be removed. The uterus is removed from the top of the vagina, and the vagina is closed at the top.
The surgery usually takes 60 to 90 minutes. At times, the ovaries and tubes may be removed. Other organs may be repaired or removed if necessary.