Attention, chocolate lovers: You may not be able to help yourselves. Swiss and British scientists have linked the widespread love of chocolate to a chemical "signature" that may be programmed into our metabolic systems.
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Strains
- Overview, Causes, & Risk Factors
- Symptoms & Signs
- Diagnosis & Tests
- Prevention & Expectations
- Treatment & Monitoring
- Attribution
Overview, Causes, & Risk Factors
A strain refers to the stretching or tearing of a muscle or tendon as a result of excessive pulling during physical activity. Tendons are bands of tissue that connect muscles to bones.
What are the causes and risks of the injury?
Most strains are caused by excessive physical activity. Some common causes of strains include the following:
Symptoms & Signs
What are the signs and symptoms of the injury?
Symptoms of a strain include:
Diagnosis & Tests
How is the injury recognized?
Diagnosis of a strain begins with a medical history and physical examination. Occasionally, X-rays may be ordered to rule out bone fractures.
Prevention & Expectations
What can be done to prevent the injury?
An individual can lower the risk of strain by:
Treatment & Monitoring
What are the treatments for the injury?
Apply the RICE technique: Rest, Ice, Compression and Immobilization, and Elevation.
Medicines that reduce pain and inflammation, such as aspirin or ibuprofen, may be taken. Aspirin should never be given to children 19 years of age or younger, since it is associated with a disorder known as Reye's syndrome.
What are the side effects of the treatments?
Pain medicines and anti-inflammatory medicines may cause stomach upset or allergic reaction.
What happens after treatment for the injury?
If a certain activity causes repeated muscle strains, a person should strengthen the muscles in a way that does not cause continual damage. A healthcare provider can recommend an exercise program or physical therapy. Any new or worsening symptoms should be reported to the healthcare provider.
Attribution
Author:James Broomfield, MD
Date Written:
Editor:Ballenberg, Sally, BS
Edit Date:04/30/01
Reviewer:Eileen McLaughlin, RN, BSN
Date Reviewed:08/09/01